How to Use Vinyl Stencils and Underglaze for Beautiful Surfaces Ellen Duvall

Applying vinyl stencils to clay surfaces opens up endless possibilities for intricate patterns, dynamic color combinations, and unique textural effects. This technique, while simple to learn, can produce stunning results that enhance both functional and decorative pottery pieces.

Applying the Stencil

Stencil vinyl adheres best to a soft leather-hard surface. Fill a flat container with water, then dip your stencil into the water. This will provide a better seal between the vinyl and the clay. Gently place the wet stencil on the pot. Allow the vinyl to run off the edge of the canvas for visual interest. The loose edges of the stencil will also allow for easier removal. Use your fingers to gently rub the stencil flat against your pot, then rub a soft finishing sponge over the stencil to improve the seal (1). If the clay body contains grog, use a soft polymer rib to burnish the surface of your vessel once the stencil is applied.

Applying Underglaze

Using a fan brush, apply a thin layer of underglaze over your stencil (2). A lighter value, like white or yellow, will allow you to see the stencil better atop the dark clay body. This layer will further seal the edges of the stencil in place.

Add a drop of gum solution or Darvan 7 to improve the flow of your underglaze. Use a small handheld mixer, like a milk frother, to blend your underglaze smooth. Working in layers to build opacity, apply 2–3 coats of various underglaze colors over your stencil (3).

Some considerations for color: analogous colors (adjacent on the color wheel) work well for creating color blends, while complementary colors (opposites on the color wheel) work well for creating high contrast between your subject and the background. Explore mixing your own underglaze colors for an infinite palette.

Removing the Stencil

Timing is key for removing the stencil. Too wet, your underglaze may move and smear. Too dry, and your underglaze may crack or chip. Allow the wet sheen of the underglaze to slightly dissipate then, using the loose edge of the vinyl, gently lift the stencil (4). Use a ball-stylus tool to remove any rogue underglaze. If desired, repeat this process on the back of your pot (5).

Cleaning and Storing Stencils

Place the stencil back into the water container and allow it to soak for several minutes. Use your fingers to gently rub away any remaining underglaze. Lay your clean stencils on a paper towel to air dry. I like to store my stencils in clear plastic report covers, which can be found at an office supply store. This will prevent the stencils from sticking together while allowing you to view and organize your designs easily.

Following a 17-year career as an art educator in public schools, Ellen Duvall now works as a full-time ceramic artist in her home studio in Austin, Texas. She enjoys gardening, live music, and spending time with her family and her rescue pups, Zay and Bubby. To see more, visit ellencduvallceramics.com or follow her on Instagram @ellencduvall.